2022-10-12 00:36:10|红果资源站小编 |来源：投稿
本文目录一览：
棒球的规则比较复杂，中文版的尚且要百八十页，何况英文原版，我找了个适合初学者的英文规则说明（涵盖了打击，出局，三振，盗垒，出界，四坏球，保送，跑垒的简单说明）：
BasicBaseballRules
Foryoungplayersandparentsunfamiliarwiththerulesofbaseball,herearethebasicrules:
Batting,Outs,andStrikes
Ayouthbaseballgameusuallyconsistsof6innings.Ineachinning,eachteamwillpitchandfieldwhiletheotherteambats.Whenthebattingteamgets3outs,theotherteambats.
Outs
Abatterisoutwhenanyofthefollowingoccur:
Theyget3strikes
Theyhitaballthatiscaughtbeforetheballhitstheground
Theballisthrowntothefirst-basemanandthefirst-basemantouchesthebasewiththeirfootwhiletheballisintheirgloveorhand.
Anymemberofthefieldingteamtagsthebatterwiththeballortheglovecontainingtheballbeforetheygetsafelyto1stbase.
Anymemberofthefieldingteamtagsthebatterwiththeballortheglovecontainingtheballwhenthebatterisontheirwayto2ndbase,3rdbase,orhome.
Anybase-runnerisoutifanyofthefollowingoccur:
Thebaserunnerisforcedoutbeforearrivingatthenextbase.(SeeForceOutvs.TagOutbelow)
Thebaserunneristaggedoutwhileoffbase.
StrikesandFouls
Abattermaygetastrikein3differentways:
Aswingandamissataball
Aballthrownintothestrikezonethatisnotswungatbutcalledastrikebytheumpire
Aballhit"foul".
A"foul"ballisonethatishitsoitrollstotheoutsideofthelinefromhomeplateto1stbaseoroutsidethelinefromhomeplateto3rdbase.Aballthatishitwithinthetwolinespreviouslydescribedisa"fair"ball.Abatterneverreceivesa3rdandfinalstrikeforhittingafoulball.Iffoulballsarehitafter2strikesareobtained,thebatterkeepsbatting.Theexceptionisthatifafoulhitball(orfairball)iscaughtbeforeitstrikestheground,thebatterisout.
TheStrikeZone
Thestrikezoneisapproximatelythewidthofthehomeplate(oralittlewider)andhasheightfromaboutthekneestotheshouldersofthebatter.Thiszonewillvaryslightlyamongleaguesandumpires.Asmentionedinthepreviousparagraph,ifthepitchedballiswithinthestrikezoneandthebatterdoesnotswing,theumpirewillcallastrike.
BallsandWalks
Ifthepitcherpitchestoanareaoutsidethe"strikezone"thatiscalleda"ball"bytheumpireandthebatterdoesnotswing,thiswillcountasa"ball".Ifthebatterisawarded4ballsbeforestrikingoutorgettingoutinanyotherway,theywillbegivena"walk".Inawalk,thebatterisallowedtosafelyproceedtofirstbase.
RunningtheBases
Afterabatterhitsafairball,theywillattempttodooneofthefollowing:
Runto1stbaseonly.
Runto1stbase,then2ndbase(calledadouble).
Continuepast2ndbaseandrunto3rdbase(calledatriple).
Continuepast3rdbasetohomeplate(calledahomerun).
Inaddition,anypreviousbattersthatareononeofthebasesmayadvancetosubsequentbasesandfinallyhome.Arunisscoredforeachplayerofthebattingteamsuccessfullyreachinghomeplate.
Over-RunningtheBases
Afterafairballishit,thebatterproceedstoruntofirstbase.Ifthebatterisonlygoingtoruntofirstbase,theyareallowedtooverrunthefirstbaseandare"safe"iftheytouchbasebeforethefirst-basemancatchestheballwhilestandingonbase.Thebatterisstillsafeeveniftheyareoffbase,providedtheyrunstraightpastthefirstbaseandturntotheirright.Ifthebatter,however,tagsfirstbaseandroundsthecornerto2ndbase,theymaybetaggedoutiftheyarenotsuccessful!Also,playersrunningfrom1stto2ndor2ndto3rdbasemayalwaysbetaggedoutiftheyoverrunthebaseandthe2ndor3rdbasemantagsthem.Soinsummary,overrunningabasewithoutdangerofbeingtaggedoutisonlyallowedforabatterrunningstraightpastfirstbase.
TaggingRunnersOut
Anyplayerofthefieldingteammaytaganyrunneroutbytouchingtheplayerwiththeballinhandortheglovecontainingtheballprovidedtherunnerisoffbasewithexceptionofthefirstbaseover-runcoveredinthepreviousparagraph.
Force-Outvs.Tag-OutSituations
Tworunnersofthebattingteamcannotoccupyabaseatthesametime.Thismeansthatifthereisarunnerat1stbaseandthenextbatterhitsafairball,thisrunneron1stmustadvancetoatleast2ndbase.Thisisknownasa"forceoutat2nd"situation.Ifthisisthecase,thesecondbasemanonlyhastotagthebasebeforetherunnerarrives,ratherthantagtherunner.Ifthesecondbasemanhasenoughtime,theymayeventhrowtofirstbasetogetthehitteroutaswell-ifsuccessful,thisisknownasa"doubleplay".Ina"basesloaded"situationwithrunnersateachbase,aforceoutispossibleat1stbase,2ndbase,3rdbase,orhomesincealloftherunnersandbattersareforcedtoadvancetothenextbase.Ontheotherhand,ifarunnerisalreadyat2ndbasewith3rdbaseemptyandtheballishit,the2ndbaserunnertryingtoreach3rdmayonlybetaggedoutbyactuallytaggingwiththeball(asopposedtosimplytaggingbase).Thislastcaseisa"tagout"situation.Soinsummary,ifarunnerisforcedtoadvance,aforceoutispossible.Ifarunnerisnotforcedtoadvance,theymustbetaggedout.Aforce-outonthebatterisalwayspossibleatfirstbase.
RuleConcerningRunsScoredWhen3rdOutIsMade
Allrunsscoredbeforethe3rdoutisactuallyobtainedwillcountifthethirdoutoccursinatag-outsituation.Soforexample,iftherearetwooutsandrunnersat2ndand3rdandthebatterhitsaballthatresultsinthe2ndbaserunnerbeingtaggedoutat3rdforthe3rdoutyetthe3rdbaserunnermadeithomebeforetheactualoutwasmade,therunwouldcount.Ifontheotherhand,therunnermadeithomeafterthe3rdoutwasactuallymade,therunwouldnotcount.Ifthe3rdoutoccurredonaforce-outsituation,therunathomewouldnotcount,evenifitwasachievedbeforethe3rdoutwasmade.
RulesConcerningPopFlyBalls
A"popflyball"isaballhitintotheairsoafieldercancatchitbeforeithitstheground.Ifapopflyiscaughtbeforeithitstheground,thebatterisautomaticallyout.Inaddition,anyrunnersthatstarttoadvancetoanotherbasebeforetheballiscaughtareoutiftheballisthrownbacktothebasemanandthebasemantagsthebasewith/herfootbeforetherunnerreturnsbacktobase.Soforexample,apopflyishit.Whiletheflyballisintheair,arunneron2ndbaseadvancesto3rd.Theballiscaughtandthrownbacktothe2ndbasemanandhe/shetagsbasebeforetherunnercangetbackonbase.Therunnerwouldbeout.Arunnermay"tagup"however,andthensafelyruntothenextbase."Taggingup"meanstherunnerwaitsuntilafterthefair-hitpop-flyballiscaughtandthenrunstothenextbase.So,ifour2ndbaserunnerhadwaitsuntiltheballiscaughtbeforeproceedingto3rdbase,therunnerwouldbesafe,providedtheydidnotgettaggedoutat3rdbase.
StealingBases
Inyouthbaseballleaguesforages9andbelow,stealingbasesingenerallynotallowedalthoughthereareexceptions.Foryouthbaseballleaguesforages9-12,stealingbasesisallowed.Anexistingrunnermayruntothenextbaseafterthepitchisthrownandarrivesatthecatcher,eveniftheballisnothit.Thisisknownasasteal.Thepitchingteammaytrytotagthisrunnerout.Thisisatag-outsituation.Notethatarunnermaynotstealonaballhitfoul-inthiscasethestealingrunnerisallowedtosafelyreturntotheoriginalbase.Alsonotethatsomeleaguesmayallowstealingbasesbeforetheballgetstothecatcher.Checkyourlocalrules.
图片无法详细解释棒球的规则，但能让你对场地、位置有个了解，配合着规则看吧。
A base runners run to a caught between first and second, if the ball hits the deck, then run to second base or the third base, if be fielder catches, then ran back to the nest. The batsman to run the bases.
如果你认为我手工录入容易的话1分也不要追。
规则采用标准奥运比赛规则
游泳swimming
跳水diving
花样游泳synchronized swimming
水球water polo
射箭archery
田径athletics
羽毛球badminton
棒球baseball
篮球basketball
拳击boxing
皮划艇静水/kayak-flatwater
皮划艇激流回旋/kayak-slalom
小轮车cycling bmx
自行车场地赛cycling track
自行车公路赛cycling rode
山地自行车cycling mountain bike
马术equestrian
击剑fencing
足球football
体操gymnastics
艺术体操rhythmic gymnastics
蹦床trampoline
手球handball
曲棍球hockey
柔道judo
现代五项modern pentathlon
赛艇rowing
帆船sailing
射击shooting
垒球softball
乒乓球table tennis
跆拳道taekwondo
网球tennis
铁人三项triathlon
排球volleyball
沙滩排球beach volleyball
举重weightlifting
摔交wrestling
自行车场地赛cycling track规则：
Competition Format
Sprint
Riders will complete a 200m-time trial to determine the qualifiers (18 men and 12 women) who will advance to the next phase (1/16th final for men and 1/8th final for women). The 1/16th and 1/8th finals are contested head to head with the winners advancing to the next phase and losers going to the repechages. From the quarterfinals, two-up matches over two heats (and a third deciding heat if necessary) will take place.
Quarterfinal winners will continue to the semi-finals and losers will ride a four-up sprint for places 5-8. The two winners of the semi-finals will compete for the first and second place and the two losers of the semifinals for the third and fourth.
Individual Pursuit
A qualifying round of head to head heats will select the eight best riders on the basis of their time, in order to compete in the first round over a distance of 4 km for men and 3 km for women. The four winners of the first round shall contest the finals. The riders with the two best times shall ride for the first and second place, while the two other riders shall ride for third and fourth places. The riders will start on opposite sides in the middle of the two straights of the track. Catching up with the other rider or recording the fastest time will determine the winner.
Points Race
Riders will cover a total distance of 40km for men (160 laps) and 25km for women (100 laps). Intermediate sprints occur every 10 laps. Sprint points will be awarded as follows: 5 points to the first rider, 3 points to the second, 2 points to the third and 1 point to the fourth. Any rider that gains a lap on the main bunch is awarded 20 points, while loses a lap will have 20 points deducted. The winner will be declared according to the accumulated points won. Where there is a draw on points, the place during the final sprints shall decide the final result.
Madison
Teams consisting of two riders will compete in a race run over a distance of 50km (200 laps) with intermediate sprints. The final placing will be determined by the accumulated points in the sprints, which occur every 20 laps, or by the distance according to the complete laps covered by each team. Teams having covered the same number of laps will be placed according to their accumulated points. Where there is a draw on laps and points, the place during the final sprint shall decide the final result.
Sprint points will be awarded as follows: 5 points to the first team, 3 points to the second, 2 points to the third and 1 point to the fourth.
Team Pursuit
Two teams of four riders will compete against each other in a 4km race, starting from the middle of the straight of each side of the track. Recording the fastest time or catching up with the other team will determine the winner. The front tyre of the third rider of each team crossing the line will determine the time of each team.
A qualifying round is conducted to determine which teams compete in the first round. Each team competes alone on the track with the best eight teams advancing to the first round selected on the basis of their time. The four winners of the first round shall contest the finals. The teams with the two best times shall ride for the first and second place, while the other two teams shall ride for third and fourth place.
Team Sprint
In team sprint, two teams of three riders will run over 3 laps of a track, each of those riders leading for one lap. A qualifying round, run by heats, will select the eight best teams on the basis of their times, in order for them to compete in the first round. The four winners of the first round shall contest the finals. The teams with the two best times shall ride for the first and second place, while the other two teams shall ride for third and fourth place.
Keirin
Riders will run a two and a half laps sprint after completing five and a half laps behind a motorized pacer (derny). The pacer will start at 30km per hour and gradually increase the speed to 50km per hour, before leaving the track. The first round consists of 4 heats of 6 riders, with the first 2 riders from each heat advancing to the second round, and the remaining riders will go to the repechages. The second round consists of 2 heats of 6 riders, with the first 3 riders of each heat proceeding to the final for places 1-6, while the remaining riders will compete for places 7-12.
山地自行车cycling mountain bike规则：
Competition Format
The race is a mass start event, during which, after several laps of the circuit, the first rider to complete the distance is declared the winner.
At the start, riders will be positioned in the starting line according to their current UCI ranking. The higher position riders will be placed at the front of the group. Should a rider be lapped at any time during the race, the rider must finish that lap and then is removed from the competition by a commissaire via a designated finish lane before the start of the finish straight. The lapped rider will be listed in the results in order of finish plus number of laps down.
The course is an undulating circuit designed to produce an optimum winning time, not a specific distance. Time parameters are listed below (in hours and minutes).
Minimum Maximum
Men 2.00 2.15
Women 1.45 2.00
Baseball is a bat-and-ball sport played between two teams of nine players each. The goal is to score runs by hitting a thrown ball with a bat and touching a series of four bases arranged at the corners of a ninety-foot square, or diamond. Players on one team (the batting team) take turns hitting against the pitcher of the other team (the fielding team), which tries to stop them from scoring runs by getting hitters out in any of several ways. A player on the batting team can stop at any of the bases and later advance via a teammate's hit or other means. The teams switch between batting and fielding whenever the fielding team records three outs. One turn at bat for each team constitutes an inning; nine innings make up a professional game. The team with the most runs at the end of the game wins.
Evolving from older bat-and-ball games, an early form of baseball was being played in England by the mid-eighteenth century. This game and the related rounders were brought by British and Irish immigrants to North America, where the modern version of baseball developed. By the late nineteenth century, baseball was widely recognized as the national sport of the United States. Baseball on the professional, amateur, and youth levels is now popular in North America, parts of Central and South America and the Caribbean, and parts of
. The game is sometimes referred to as hardball, in contrast to the derivative game of softball.
In North America, professional Major League Baseball (MLB) teams are divided into the National League (NL) and American League (AL). Each league has three divisions: East, West, and Central. Every year, the champion of Major League Baseball is determined by playoffs that culminate in the World Series. Four teams make the playoffs from each league: the three regular season division winners,
wild card team. Baseball is the leading team sport in both Japan and Cuba, and the top level of play is similarly split between two leagues: Japan's Central League and Pacific League; Cuba's West League and East League. In the National and Central leagues, the pitcher is required to bat, per the traditional rules. In the American, Pacific, and both Cuban leagues, there is a tenth player, a designated hitter, who bats for the pitcher. Each top-level team has a farm system of one or more minor league teams. These teams allow younger players to develop as they gain on-field experience against opponents with similar levels of skill.棒球球棒和球的运动，由两队各有九名队员。我们的目标是通过与蝙蝠和感人的一系列安排在一九零平方英尺的角上的四基地打丢球得分，或钻石。一队的球员（棒球队）轮流打在对方的投手（守备队），试图阻止他们的得分让打者在任何的几种方法。在棒球队的一个球员可以停在任何后来的前进基地通过队友的打击或其他手段。在击球和防守时的防守球队记录三出局的球队开关。每队一次蝙蝠又构成一局；九局构成了一个专业的游戏。游戏结束时，最负责球队获胜。从旧棒球球棒和球游戏，早期的形式是在英格兰踢了第十八世纪中叶。这个游戏和相关的圆场棒球是由英国和爱尔兰移民带到美国北部，那里的现代版的棒球了。第十九世纪后期，棒球被普遍认为是美国全国性的体育运动。棒球在专业，业余爱好者，和青年的水平是现在流行在美国北部，中部和南部的美国和加勒比海地区，以及东亚地区。游戏有时被称为强硬，相反的垒球衍生游戏。在北美国，职业棒球大联盟（MLB）小组分为国家联盟（NL）和美国联盟（Al）。每个联盟有三个分支：东，西，和中央。每年，美国职业棒球大联盟的冠军的季后赛，最终在世界大赛中确定。四队来自各个联赛季后赛：常规赛三个分区冠军，加上onewild卡队。棒球在日本和古巴的领导团队运动，和发挥最高水平的两个联赛同样分裂：日本中央联盟和太平洋联盟；古巴西部联盟东部联盟。在国家和中央联盟的投手，所需的蝙蝠，按传统规则。在美国，太平洋，和古巴队，有十分之一名球员，指定打击，他们的投手蝙蝠。每个顶级球队有一个或多个小联盟球队的农场系统。这些团队让年轻的球员成为他们获得对领域的经验，对类似的技能水平的对手。
一定要采纳啊
Baseball is a sport played between two teams usually of nine players each. It is a bat-and-ball game in which a pitcher throws (pitches) a hard, fist-sized, leather-covered ball toward a batter on the opposing team. The batter attempts to hit the baseball with a tapered cylindrical bat, made of wood (as required in professional baseball) or a variety of other materials (as allowed in many nonprofessional games). A team scores runs only when batting, by advancing its players--primarily via hits, walks, and the opposition team's fielding errors--counterclockwise past a series of three markers called bases and touching home plate arranged at the corners of a ninety-foot square, or "diamond." The game, played without time restriction, is structured around nine segments called innings. In each inning, both teams are given the opportunity to bat and score runs; a team's half-inning ends when three outs are recorded against that team.
就不一一复制了.都在下面网址里面.
欢迎你来百度棒球吧~
